Identification

Title

Stratospheric chlorine processing after the unprecedented Hunga Tonga eruption

Abstract

Following the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) eruption in January 2022, a significant reduction in stratospheric hydrochloric acid (HCl) was observed in the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitudes during the latter half of 2022, suggesting potential chlorine activation. The objective of this study is to comprehensively understand the substantial loss of HCl in the aftermath of HTHH. Satellite measurements along with a global chemistry-climate model are employed for the analysis. We find strong agreement of 2022 anomalies between the modeled and the measured data. The observed tracer-tracer relations between N2O and HCl indicate a significant role of chemical processing in the observed HCl reduction, especially during the austral winter of 2022. Further examining the roles of chlorine gas-phase and heterogeneous chemistry, we find that heterogeneous chemistry emerges as the primary driver for the chemical loss of HCl, with the reaction between HOBr and HCl on sulfate aerosols identified as the dominant loss process. This datasets provide basis of our analysis in the paper - Chemistry contribution to stratospheric ozone depletion after the unprecedented water-rich Hunga Tonga eruption. The numerical experiments in this study were conducted using CESM2/WACCM6, a state-of-the-art chemistry-climate model that spans from the Earth's surface to approximately 140 km. We run two different nudged cases: the volcano case with forcing (SO2 and H2O injection) from the HTHH eruption and the control case with no forcing (no SO2 or H2O injection) from the HTHH eruption. The disparity between these two nudged simulations provides insights into the chemistry-related changes post the HTHH eruption. Only the datasets used in analysis are archived here. We also archive our box model used in the analysis here. This is a single layer lower stratospheric chemical equilibrium box model setup for Hunga Tonga experiments.

Resource type

dataset

Resource locator

https://gdex.ucar.edu/dataset/id/5d525e4e-9527-4672-925e-4e9527c67235.html

protocol: https

applicationProfile: browser

name: Stratospheric chlorine processing after the unprecedented Hunga Tonga eruption

description: Metadata Link

function: download

Unique resource identifier

code

codeSpace

Dataset language

Spatial reference system

code identifying the spatial reference system

Classification of spatial data and services

Topic category

Keywords

Keyword set

keyword value

Dataset

originating controlled vocabulary

title

reference date

date type

revision

effective date

2014-10-16

Keyword set

keyword value

EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY

EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > OXYGEN COMPOUNDS > OZONE

originating controlled vocabulary

title

reference date

date type

revision

effective date

2018-03-15

Keyword set

keyword value

Other > Models > Cesm > Ncar Community Earth System Model

originating controlled vocabulary

title

reference date

date type

revision

effective date

2018-03-15

Geographic location

West bounding longitude

-180.0

East bounding longitude

180.0

North bounding latitude

90.0

South bounding latitude

-90.0

Temporal reference

Temporal extent

Begin position

2022-06

End position

2022-08

Dataset reference date

date type

publication

effective date

2024-02-05

date type

modified

effective date

2024-02-03

Frequency of update

Quality and validity

Lineage

Conformity

Data format

name of format

Gzip Compressed Archive (application/gzip)

version of format

Constraints related to access and use

Constraint set

Use constraints

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Limitations on public access

None

Responsible organisations

Responsible party

organisation name

UCAR/NCAR - Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory

email address

jzhan166@ucar.edu

responsible party role

pointOfContact

Metadata on metadata

Metadata point of contact

organisation name

UCAR/NCAR - GDEX

email address

gdex@ucar.edu

responsible party role

pointOfContact

Metadata date

2024-05-28T12:08:39-06:00

Metadata language